The Book Night By Elie Wiesel - 4140 Words

Having the knowledge of inherent good and evil, using that knowledge to determine ones actions and putting others before oneself is what constitutes a good human being. Living in a world that has so much hate and suffering, (that has been exemplified throughout history by men and ruthless leaders like Adolf Hitler; the evil mastermind behind the atrocities of the Holocaust during World War II and Jay Gatsby in the novel The Great Gatsby for blinding himself from the ways of right and wrong to simply be able to make Daisy his after many years having passed), it is hard to find examples of good people in characters within books; much less actual human beings. And yet, there are still good people and virtuous characters in literature and film that give hope for there being a truly good person. In the autobiography Night by Elie Wiesel, the integrity behind Elie’s actions can be seen when he struggles to make life decisions for not only himself, but for his father. The story Of Mice and Men where Lennie takes care of George even though he, (George), held him back from some of his aspirations that he had been striving towards for many years. And Harold Crick in the film Stranger than Fiction who put himself before the bus to save a child’s life along with Karen Eiffel changing her writing style to better other people’s lives. The autobiography Night by Elie Wiesel is the story of how Elie as a teenage boy had his life turned upside down when the Nazis raided the ghettoShow MoreRelatedThe Books Night, By Elie Wiesel1242 Words   |  5 PagesAugust 2014 The books Night, by Elie Wiesel, and The Boy in the Striped Pajamas, by John Boyne are two intriguing books by themselves. However, when you put them together you gain an improved perspective about the Holocaust. You also get see how people were affected by it, how they reacted to it, and what their opinions were about it. These two books contain many similarities and differences, but they go so well together. Night starts out with the normal life of teenage Elie Wiesel, a Jew in SighetRead MoreThe Book Night By Elie Wiesel988 Words   |  4 PagesThe autobiography Night, begins by describing the main character, Elie Wiesel’s, life before The Holocaust. Wiesel is also the author of this account of a true story. The novel begins in 1941 and is set in the Transylvanian town of Sighet. Wiesel’s family consists of his parents, who’s names are not mentioned in the book, and his three sisters, Hilda, Bà ©a, and Tzipora. They are a strict Orthodox Jewish family and have always followed the traditions and laws associated with being Jewish. His fatherRead MoreThe Book Night By Elie Wiesel1798 Words   |  8 PagesHair Foster English IV 28 April 2017 Adversity overcame in Night’ The book Night by Elie Wiesel is a novel about a young man s’ journey through the holocaust and all of the adversities he faces and overcomes. It briefly talks about his life prior to he and his family being taken from their homes.The novel then tells us about the awful journey Eliezer, the main character, goes through while being a victim of the holocaust. The book is placed in a holocaust camp for the most part, but it startsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel794 Words   |  4 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Night In the book Night by Elie Wiesel there are many instances where his use of imagery helps establish tone and purpose. For example Elie Wiesel used fire (sight) to represent just that. The fire helps prove that the tone is serious and mature. In no way did Wiesel try to lighten up the story about the concentration camps or the Nazis. His use of fire also helps show his purpose. â€Å"Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, that turned my life into one long night seven timesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel945 Words   |  4 PagesElie Wiesel was born in 1928. In his book, Night, which was published in 1955, Wiesel depicts his personal journey through the German concentration camps by the use of his character Eliezer (Sparknotes). At the age of 15, he lives with his family in Sighet, Transylvania (Biography). His father Shlomo is very involved with the community there. Eliezer is deeply engaged in religious studies, being taught by Moshe, an older man in his community who is considered a lunatic by many (Sparknotes). InRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel907 Words   |  4 Pages In the book Night written by Elie Wiesel was mainly about how a young boy had to suffer the traumatic experience of existence and fatality at Nazis concentration camps. In the book, Elie Wiesel was the character â€Å"Eliezer Wiesel†. Eliezer was a young boy at the age of fourteen who lived in Sighet, Transylvania. During the lead of World War II, Eliezer was an extremely earnest young boy who desired to examine and practice Jewish theology. He also occasionally spent a great deal of time and passionRead MoreThe Book Night by Elie Wiesel Essay2089 Words   |  9 PagesTitle: Night Author: Elie Wiesel Genre: Autobiography Setting: Night takes place in Germany during the Holocaust. The majority of the book is taken place in various concentration camps such as Auschwitz and Buchenwald. Characterization: Eliezer- Eliezer or Elie is the narrator of Night. Elie enters Auschwitz as a teenager along with his family. He stays close to his father and becomes the protector as the book progresses. Elie’s faith is constantly challenged and sometimes damaged in the bookRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel1216 Words   |  5 Pageswhen I first saw the book. The images that they title brought to my mind is someplace where there is no light, no happiness.When you think of night you clearly think of physical darkness but I think night symbolizes a place without God’s presence, somewhere where there s no hope. The emotions that this title brought to my mind is sadness. Sadness because once you are in the dark there is nothing you can do but wait. Wait on your destiny. The impression that the picture on the book gave me was very vagueRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel1017 Words   |  5 PagesIn the book Night by Elie Wiesel it says â€Å"human suffe ring anywhere concerns men and women everywhere.† This shows that the world’s problems are everyone’s problems. Everyone has their own responsibilities and when war occurs people tend to take on more responsibility than ever before. The United States is a prime example of making the world’s problems their own. When problems arise people step up and take responsibility. Like in the quote from Elie Wiesel, human suffering really is everyone’s problemRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Night By Elie Wiesel1778 Words   |  8 Pagesthemselves this question, whether they have fully grasped their personality or not, and during that difficult time, even the things you thought you knew about yourself are challenged. In the memoir, Night, the author Elie Wiesel, presents the story of his own time in Auschwitz during the German Holocaust. Elie, being Jewish, was deported into concentration camps in Hitler’s final solution. He underwent such things as witnessing death for the first time, extreme exhaustion, inhumane treatment, and seeing

Exploring Online Consumer Behavior - 2914 Words

Running head: ONLINE CONSUMER BEHAVIORS Exploring online consumer Behaviors John A. Smith amp; Jane L. Doe Liberty University Abstract Internet usage has skyrocketed in the past few decades, along with this increase comes the increase in internet shopping by consumers. This research examines the behaviors, motivations, and attitudes of this new form of consumer entity. Online consumer behavior has been studied for over 20 years and will undoubtedly be the source of many future researches as internet consumerism expands. This paper will examine the following research questions: (1) How do factors previously researched affect the online purchasing behavior of consumers and (2) what are the significant consumer behaviors both†¦show more content†¦Between the two groups, 406 responded and participated in the research. Data analysis using a quantitative approach was used. Reliability analysis was formulated and used to test the data obtained. Canonical analysis was also used to help understand the data and build a framework around online consumer behavior. The analysis showed that 49.8% of those surveyed were wo men and 50% were male. The group under age 24 made up a little less than two thirds of the total. Those over 24 accounted for the rest. Respondents who had used the Internet for five years or more represented 79% of the study. The results clearly showed that online shopping motivations, information searches, and attitude all had a significant affect on online purchases. Other variables to consider in online consumer behavior are online experience, sexual preference, and the primary place in which the Internet is accessed. In a study performed by Cuneyt Koyuncu and Donald Lien, research showed that all three of these had â€Å"large statistically significant effects on online shopping† (2003, p.721). They concluded that consumers, who had more experience with the internet, felt more comfortable navigating it. Consumers also felt safer in using the internet at their residence or on the job, rather than community computers. Sexual preference, according to their research, showed that bisexuals bought online in greater numbers than heterosexuals. This behavior may have resultedShow MoreRelatedHow Online Brand Communication And Customer Engagement Influence A Consumer s Decision Purchase872 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Question: â€Å"How online brand communication and customer engagement influence a consumer’s decision purchase.† The marketing strategy of branding is not a new concept. A company’s brand is not a logo, or a tag line, but rather the relationship it has with its customer base, it is in essence not how a company defines itself – but how the public defines it. With every interaction and every customer touch point a business shapes its brand identity, and participants in this exchange are knownRead MoreHow Can A User Buyer System Be Used For Enhance Personal Purchasing Decisions?1629 Words   |  7 Pagespurchasing decisions? Sub-question: Can data mining be used to analyze consumer behaviors and preferences in order to satisfy purchasing decision? Literature Review Presently, the online shopping has become increasing in today’s market. Many consumers turn to use the internet for shopping, as a result the online recommender systems have realized for facilitating consumer needs and their interests based on previous shopping behaviors. According to Jiang, Shang, and Liu, Y. (2010) the recommender systemRead MoreConsumer Psychology Marketing Communications1025 Words   |  5 PagesCONSUMER PSYCHOLOGY MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS PSY322 May 13, 2013 Charles Dudek This purpose of this paper is to analyze two articles in the context of consumer psychology and marketing communications. The fist part will define consumer psychology looking at why consumer behave the way they. The paper will also examine how research has made it easier to predict human behavior exploring its benefits. The aspect of using what has been learned about consumer psychologyRead MoreFactors Affecting The Indian Online Retail Market1201 Words   |  5 PagesOnline retail market in India: Recent changes in the Retail environment in India have pave way for major changes in the infrastructure, technology, regulation, shift in demographic patterns and changes in consumer preferences Broadbridge and Srivastava (2008). The main reasons for the transformation of retail market in India are factors such as rising disposable income, socio-economic growth, urbanization, demographic transitions, increasing middle income group and high demand. Broadbridge and SrivastavaRead MoreResearch Paper1655 Words   |  7 Pages Varying Definitions of Online Platform and Their effects on customers’ behaviors Research Meichen Qian University of California, Irvine HWID# 361 Author note Meichen Qian is now at Department of Social Science, University of California, Irvine. This researcher is a final paper for the Social Science 3A courses. Contact: Meichenq@uci.edu Abstract This paper explores five published articles that report on results from research conducted on online platform and the changes they madeRead MoreOnline Advertisement On Their Own Will Essay954 Words   |  4 Pagesclick on online advertisement on their own will. In a study conducted by bannerblindness.org, 50% of users never click on an online advertisement while 33% click on more than 5 ads per month. Question 15 This result show a similar result with the online advertisement channels, the most commonly click-on web advertisement are social media ad and follow by adwords advertisement and email advertisement. A recent study has shown that social media is become more important as an online channels forRead MoreCustomer Service Vs. Technology1161 Words   |  5 PagesCustomer Service Lee and Lin 2005 explored what a consumer finds to provide them with a quality shopping experience. They discovered that consumers target businesses that have already created an online marketing strategy that focuses on trustworthiness, reliability, and responsiveness of the web-based communications (Lee Lin 2005). Furthermore, they restated the importance of creating an environment that focuses on the relationship of the consumer to the business. This relationship will only continueRead MoreUsing Instagram : Motives For Its Use And Relationship1272 Words   |  6 Pages41. Sheldon, P., Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89-97. Globally speaking, Instagram is currently the fastest growing social network site. However, the researchers observe little academic research studying who and why people use it. The researchers are interested in the motivations of using Instagram and its relationship towards contextual age and narcissism. The study uses a survey distributedRead MoreWalmart s Brazilian Ecommerce Group1173 Words   |  5 Pagesprovide personalized insights to users. Now Wal-Mart is Big Data knowledge-empire. An important tool in achieving that has become the Neo4j database. Walmart’s Brazilian eCommerce group chose Neo4j to help Walmart understand the behavior and preferences of these online buyers with enough speed and in enough depth to make realtime, personalized, ‘you may also like’ recommendations, a proven way to maximize revenue. Challenges: As Marcos explained: â€Å"A relational database wasn’t satisfying our requirementsRead MoreHow Big Data Has On Consumers1401 Words   |  6 Pageson customers’ preference, taking it on military use and so on. This essay will mainly discuss the influences big data has on consumers. The most obvious impact that big data bring to consumers is convenience, and mainly in the following three aspects. First of all, the application of big data reduces the degree of information asymmetry for consumers and improve consumers’ contents. In the information era, the information transferring of goods has become an important added value for goods, and under

Productivity of Lisavia free essay sample

As the economic advisor of Lisavia, I believe that the president first needs to understand the four main determinants of productivity, if he wants to increase productivity in his own country. The first is physical capital. This means that a country must possess structures, tools, equipment and machinery to efficiently produce the goods and services. Second, is human capital. Citizens should be properly trained and educated according to their respectable industry as to increase production. The third determinant is access to Natural Resources. The firms of Lisavia must have access to the valuable natural resources needed to increase productivity. And finally, Technological knowledge is important. Awareness and understanding of technology used to produce goods and services is key. Now let us first discuss how to implement proper physical capital. Lisavia needs the proper equipment and machinery to efficiently improve production. To do this, the president should possible offer decreased tariffs on the importation of machinery into his country. We will write a custom essay sample on Productivity of Lisavia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This will allow for firms outside of Lisavia, who produce the necessary machinery, to import these tools at a lower cost on trade, and in turn, the people of Lisavia will enjoy the benefits of high production. We need to consider that the population of Lisavia is not yet trained in the usage of such machinery and equipment. This means that the president should enact a government sanction training program, where the people of Lisavia can become educated and trained to use these new tools. As an incentive for people to participate in the training programs, the president should allow for a tax deductible on federal taxes for each citizen who participates. Also, to increase and maintain the productivity of its newly trained and educated citizens, the government of Lisavia should implement a universal healthcare system. This will provide the people of Lisavia with the access to medical necessities to stay healthy and productive. A portion of the paycheck to each citizen will be deducted in order to support this new government healthcare program, and this tax deduction will in turn benefit the citizens directly by keeping them healthy. The access to natural resources is also incredibly important to increase production. Industrial firms and others alike, need natural resources to stay productive. Energy, water, and oil are all paramount. The government could enact teams of workers to locate and extract these resources in order to benefit the production of the firms. A research and development team can also be a helping hand in improving operations all together. Along with the education and training of the citizens in terms of the new machinery and physical capital, they must also be aware of the technology used to increase productivity. The increase of production is highly dependent on the use of technology. Technological innovations help to create faster and more efficient production. Workers must also be trained in the use of these new technologies and the government should be open to free trade with countries that provide such technology. With all the newly implemented programs and developments, Lisavia will become highly productive and in turn will attract investors. The increase in production will make Lisavia a desirable country for foreign firms to relocate to and/or invest in. The increase in the investments in Lisavia will generate funds that will offset the cost of the original money spent to implement the programs that started it all. As everything comes full circle, Lisavia will be a thriving country with high production and many interested investors.

Translation Lost From The Novel To The Movies Essays -

Translation lost from the Novel to the Movies There are about 26 different editions of the novel of Frankenstein, and every movie that has been made based on the novel is different from the next. What you read in the novel is not necessarily what you see on the movie screen. There are a lot of good moments in the book that lost in the translation, of which I discuss below in greater detail. For viewers of the movies, the famous sentence ?It was on a dreary night of November, that I beheld the accomplishment of my toils.? With a futuristic laboratory an eager assistant and onlookers is how the films interpretations distort the novel (Myth of modern Man, Pg. 2.) As readers of the novel know it doesn't start with a dreary night in November, yet it starts with a series of letters by Captain Robert Walton. These letters are the ?framework? of the novel that set up the whole story. The beginning setting of the novel set in the Arctic Sea, which is totally left out of the movie depictions, for one reason or the other it would seem to be a perfect setting for Victor Frankenstein, a man coldly detached from society (Myth for Modern Man, Pg. 3.) Frankenstein's research was not done in some fancy laboratory it was done in the little attic of his boarding house at school. Also Victor never shared his secrets with anyone, not his fellow students or his professors. He never had an assistant in the novel that helped him dig up body parts from graveyards (Myth for Modern Man, 3.) ?Only parts of the story are familiar to you, that's because many parts of the novel aren't even mentioned in the movies. Missing is the framework created by the opening letters, Victors status as a student (not a doctor), the isolation of the experiments, and the articulate creature that comes to life and seeks out his creator.? (Myth for Modern Man, Pg. 4) Transformed by drama and film into a mad scientist, the altruistic young student disappears for the sake of technical effects. Rather than the attic of a student boarding house where the student stealthily brings what he has robbed from the graveyards, the films often depict a large, elaborate laboratory with one faithful attendant. The 1931 film shows Frankenstein and his assistant waiting to rob a grave (Myth for Modern Man, Pg. 4.) After two years of tireless devotion the scientist's pride and eager anticipation suffered a terrible blow. Frankenstein's success produced horror, not joy. (Myth for Modern Man, Pg. 5) The film image of the creature as a silent, malevolent being distorts the story and its importance: a thoughtless young scientist creates a powerful object, yet provides no measures for guidance and control. Rather than accept his responsibility as creator, Victor rushed from the laboratory and shunned the creature. Victor never made an effort to help or teach the abandoned creature. After the silent being escapes into the night, Victor keeps the dreadful secret to himself. In fact, he carefully avoids telling anyone about the creature until after a series of deaths within his family circle. Only two people besides Victor ever hears from him about the creature: the Swiss official who cannot pursue the unknown murderer, and Captain Robert Walton (Myth of Modern Man, Pg. 5.) With in this article are many discrepancies between the novel written by Mary Shelley, and the man movies that have been made about Victor Frankenstein, and his monster, several of which I have discribed to you in the paragraphs above. It is a shame that what I precieve to be a good story has to be cut to pieces in its translation to movie screen. If you're going to make a movie based on a book why not make it just as interesting as the book it was originated from. Would it not be easier than making up new ideas that aren't as good as the original thoughts that created this novel in the first place. It would be nice for a change, I don't think any movie ever made has been a direct translation of the book it came from.

The Sweet Spin of Success free essay sample

Napoleon Hill, an American author, once said, â€Å"Edison failed 10,000 times before he made the electric light. Do not be discouraged if you fail a few times.† People do not learn from success, but rather from failing to succeed. To try and fail, but learn from your mistakes is something that not enough people truly know how to do. Knowing that, it seems strange that perseverance is a skill that is necessary to have success in life, one which if developed, makes everything within your reach. Lucky for me when I was three years old my grandfather decided to teach me a simple activity that would help me learn and develop this skill: spinning a top. This seemingly easy action was quite a challenge for me. I was uniquely coordinated and this was one of the few activities that did not come easy to me. I was kind of small for my age, incredibly hyper with the attention span of a chipmunk, and in a hurry to grow up and be one of the â€Å"big kids. We will write a custom essay sample on The Sweet Spin of Success or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † At this point in my life we could go and visit my grandparents at their home in North County every weekend. They lived in a small, one-story house in Florissant. There were wooden floors in the back of the house, where most of our time was spent. We would play games, or sit around, or just go to the store. One day was different though. My grandfather pulled me away from where I had been playing with my older cousins and told me he was going to teach me how to do something he had taught all of the other cousins. That is what lured me away from my careless frolicking into what turned into and intense day of work. I had always wanted to be like the bigger kids and this was my opportunity to prove that I was in fact a â€Å"big girl.† This was the day that I discovered the determination and willpower that lay within me. My grandfather started explaining how to spin a top by showing me and explaining what you do: hold the top bit between your thumb and forefinger, squeeze it, flick your wrist and release. It seemed simple enough, or so I thought. I picked up the bright red top, mimicked my grandfather’s motions, and†¦nothing†¦it fell. I tried again and had the exact same result. â€Å"How could I be defeated by such a simple task?† I wondered. As I kept trying to get the top to whirl the blaring sounds of the television in the other room became muffled and faded into the background to the point where I could barely hear them. All of my attention was pulled to the fiendish red object and how to make it twirl. As the minutes ticked away, my interest turned into annoyance, which in turn became to frustration, which eventually lead to determination to accomplish this feat. As the afternoon wore on, my cousins had gotten bored with whatever they were doing and formed a crowded ar ound me. All of their encouraging words were falling on deaf ears, my focus was so intense. My focus was so intense that I had failed to notice the passage of time. The sun’s rays danced across the pale blue room. There was nothing besides the top, the table, my grandfather, and myself. Finally, around two hours after we started, I did it: I made the top spin. I couldn’t believe it, all my hard work had paid off. At first I thought it was a fluke, there was no way that after hours of trying that it would happen out of the blue, so I just sat there and stared at it, trapped in my own little world, but as my cousin’s cheers reached my ears and shook my back to reality, I realized that I had indeed accomplished my goal. I tried to spin that top a few more times and kept producing the same result. The top twirled around and around. The bright colors painted on top blurred together in a brilliant rainbow. I could feel the pride radiating of off my grandfather as his chest swelled up. Everyone there was extremely excited and surprised that I managed to find the will and determination it took to attain the patience to sit and learn how to do something. That day I did much more than learn to spin a top and spend an afternoon with my grandfather; I found out that not everything is easy. I discovered that when goals are more difficult to accomplish, the better you feel about being able to do it when you finally can. And because of that discovery it is one of my favorite childhood memories and one that has stayed with me the longest. I found a trait that I would need for many years to come. I discovered how to persevere.

Free Essays on Girl

While reading the story â€Å"GIRL† by Jamaica Kincaid I came to the assumption the author was trying to persuade the reader into believing that society expects much more out of a women then they do a man. I feel, now in today’s society this is somewhat true. I disagree though, with the speculation that our society puts all the jobs and responsibilities of everyday life on women’s shoulders. I do agree that women take on a part similar or equal to men in the everyday work category whether it happen to be in the job field or in the household. I also agree that in some societies this may differ. For example, my family is the type of family where both parents contribute greatly. My mother and father both work full time jobs. When they come home from work they help each other with the chores around the house. My mother though, does not support the family or do everything around the house by herself. She is not expected to do everything by herself, which contradicts t he viewpoint the story was trying to get across to the reader. Previously, in society women where expected to do the housework and take care of the children while men held the full time jobs and â€Å"brought home the bacon†. In the United States today many more women work to help support their families while in the same aspect there are many more men who decide to stay home, attend to the children and do what was earlier in past years referred to as â€Å"women’s work.† Men now take a part in society that was previously held by women or housewives. So, if this is the case, if many males are doing the jobs that where previously done by females is it the men who are expected to take on more responsibilities then women in society I do not think this is the case. So in stating this I believe I have proved the point that women do not have a heavier load then me do in our country today. Now even though I have stated this point I believe that many people do not have the same ... Free Essays on Girl Free Essays on Girl Throughout time mother/daughter relationships have had problems. On the mother/daughter relationship in the story â€Å"Girl† by Jamaica Kincaid, is Dictatorial, Commanding, and Frustrating. Due to mothers indiscretions early on in there lives the daughters are forced to pay for them. The story the â€Å"Girl† is a very good example of how the mother tries to fix her mistakes through her daughter’s life. Mothers will preach to them what not to do but in reality they really are pushing them towards doing, it. The mother in the story is very dictating towards her daughter. She tells her daughter how to â€Å"Wash the white clothes on Monday and put them on the stone heap; wash the color clothes on Tuesday and put them on the clothes-line to dry; don’t walk barehead in the hot sun.†(Kincaid p405) The mother is always telling her daughter what to do because she’s trying to prevent her daughter from making the same mistakes she made when she was her age. In the story you only hear one reference to her father. To me that’s a sign saying maybe the mother didn’t do what she’s telling her daughter to do and that could be the reason the father not there. The mother is probably the woman the baker wouldn’t let touch the bread. â€Å"always squeeze bread to make sure, it’s fresh; but what if the baker won’t let me feel the bread? you mean to say that after all you are really going to be the kind of woman who the baker won’t let near the bread?.†(Kincaid p406) The mother is just trying to prevent her daughter from becoming the town outcast. There relationship is also very commanding. â€Å"always eat your food in such a way that, it won’t turn someone else’s stomach; on Sundays try to walk like a lady and not like the slut you are so bent on becoming; don’t sing benna in Sunday school;†(Kincaid p406) The mother is so commanding because, it doesn’t seem like the daughter really listens. If she were listening the mother woul... Free Essays on Girl While reading the story â€Å"GIRL† by Jamaica Kincaid I came to the assumption the author was trying to persuade the reader into believing that society expects much more out of a women then they do a man. I feel, now in today’s society this is somewhat true. I disagree though, with the speculation that our society puts all the jobs and responsibilities of everyday life on women’s shoulders. I do agree that women take on a part similar or equal to men in the everyday work category whether it happen to be in the job field or in the household. I also agree that in some societies this may differ. For example, my family is the type of family where both parents contribute greatly. My mother and father both work full time jobs. When they come home from work they help each other with the chores around the house. My mother though, does not support the family or do everything around the house by herself. She is not expected to do everything by herself, which contradicts t he viewpoint the story was trying to get across to the reader. Previously, in society women where expected to do the housework and take care of the children while men held the full time jobs and â€Å"brought home the bacon†. In the United States today many more women work to help support their families while in the same aspect there are many more men who decide to stay home, attend to the children and do what was earlier in past years referred to as â€Å"women’s work.† Men now take a part in society that was previously held by women or housewives. So, if this is the case, if many males are doing the jobs that where previously done by females is it the men who are expected to take on more responsibilities then women in society I do not think this is the case. So in stating this I believe I have proved the point that women do not have a heavier load then me do in our country today. Now even though I have stated this point I believe that many people do not have the same ...

Should we drill for offshore oil Research Paper

Should we drill for offshore oil - Research Paper Example After its formation, it travels from the source rock onto the surface where it is trapped in impermeable layers of rocks and forms a reservoir. Reservoirs range in depth ranging from a hundred feet deep to thousands of feet below the surface. Others are found offshore covered with a lot of water and sediment. This product is called crude oil and is made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms that form highly combustible fuels. It also contains nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur and these three elements lower its quality, making it hard to work with. These hydrocarbons contain paraffin energy that produces gasoline, paraffin wax, and diesel fuel. In addition, an oil reservoir is a pool of these hydrocarbons that are below the surface in porous rock structures where they have accumulated. They are found in a few countries in the world and most of those in the Middle East with Saudi Arabia having the most oil deposits. It is considered a non-renewable resource as it cannot be replaced naturally, since its formation takes millions of years. Drilling is the most used method of oil extraction. Identification of the precise location of the oil begins the process. Geologists who use instruments like gravimeters and seismic surveys do this. Once the location is identified, drilling begins. When a steady flow is The drilling gun is made with explosive charges that enable oil to run through the holes in its casing. Once it has perforated properly, a tube is put into the well that allows the oil to run upwards. The tube is then sealed with a packer that is positioned along the outer part. The final step is placing a structure known as a Christmas tree that allows the flow of the oil to be controlled. Most of the extracted contains sediments that can be used for energy. If these sediments are not disposed, they can cause pollution. After the harvesting, the oil is pumped into oil tankers where it is transported to oil refineries to be refined into products useful

Why Do We Have to Die in Games Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Why Do We Have to Die in Games - Essay Example We may pay an amount, or accept a game setback to come back from the jaws of death, to resume our place in the game. Likewise, at the end of the article too, she suggests that those who play video games and are attacked by laser-gun carrying space-men should realize that being riddled with bullets does imply a finality, and not merely that this eventuality could get them teleported to the local Starbucks for a cappuccino. We may draw the inference from this, that what Bevan suggests is that video-games should (perhaps) not use 'death' but some other means for eliminating players. In the course of discussing video games, Bevan also looks at how other media or means of entertainment/ games deal with the issue of eliminating players. For instance, in traditional 'games'. Team games have set rules and a time frame. According to these rules, players are eliminated so that within the given time a particular team is enabled to be declared 'winner'. This finite time frame copies real life. Though the elimination of players according to the rules of the game in no way resembles death. Also, in a game like a tennis, it is possible to lose a set, yet come back to win a match. Bevan also looks at how the theme of death is played out on stage or on the screen. Here, the audience goes through a process of identification with the protagonist. In the case of an action movie, quite often the 'hero' gets pummeled by the bad guys and is close to death before he suddenly gets energized enough to come back at them, to win the day. However, Bevan does not explicitly mention a vital difference in the roles of a person watching a play and a person playing a video game. In a play, the audience and the player are separate entities. The outcome cannot be affected by the audience. (In a reality show like 'Big Boss-as Bevan mentions-the audience can affect the outcome, but the connection between the vote of a single member of the audience and this outcome-Bevan doesn't mention this is tenuous.) In a video game, the player is both the audience and co-creator of the outcome. This is an important difference between a video game and a play/movie, which leads to different level s of psychological involvement in the game and its outcome, on the part of the player. To that extent, a video game becomes more true-to-life. Bevan mentions the three goals of playing video games-endogenous, exogenous and diegetic. Endogenous goals exist in all games-these are the goals sought to be achieved as per the rules of the game. (For instance, in chess, the endogenous goal of each player is to check-mate her opponent and avoid being checkmated). An exogenous goal comes from without. I may play a game to win money, or to humiliate my opponent and so on. The exogenous motive is not inherent in the game itself. Diegetic goals are those that a player seeks to achieve when he role-plays. When a game has several characters with their own defined personality, the player who assumes a role tries to achieve the goals as if he were actually the role he was playing. This involves subsuming my personality to take on the one as defined by a role, given in the game.

Poject Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Poject - Essay Example It manages the planning aspect carefully with the help of resources and treatment services at its disposal. It applies reasonable and meaningful sanctions against delinquent and non-conforming inmates Classification of prisoners is made on the assessment of its inmates’ security levels, checks and curative needs, thus putting up the inmates into different sanctioned programs. The criteria of classifying the inmates are the nature of crime, duration of sentence and the inmates’ attitude. The assigned institutions and correctional units differ by security levels. The Institutional Assignment Criteria is based on set guidelines for the corrections staff to recommend the most preferable institution while taking care of treatment needs as well. Different states have their own classification systems that have different security levels prevalent. After the completion of the court proceedings, the offenders are enrolled into the department of corrections as soon as final sentence of court orders reaches its office. This intake of offenders can happen at any of the DOC reception and classification facilities. Offenders are thoroughly interviewed by the expert staff to be put in a suitable security level according to which institutions are assigned The Client Management Classification System (CMC) of classification in probation and parole is a model system approach as prepared by the National Institute of Corrections. It provides an orderly method of incorporating all information to present an all-inclusive total view of the client (offender). Probation and parole officers get a complete view of the client within a span of 45 minutes interview, which otherwise could take months in any other system. CMC offers an objective method in which agents can compare their first hand impression of the client with an impartial attitude towards certain offences, resulting in a better understanding to prepare case plans of the clients. There is no need to go

Analysis of the Definitions of Abnormality

Analysis of the Definitions of Abnormality Abnormality can be described in many different ways but it is just whats not normal. The whole concept of abnormality is difficult to define and it comes in many forms that involve different features. Abnormal psychology is the division of psychology that studies people who are either abnormal or atypical, compared to members of a given society. There is also evidence that some psychological disorders are more common than some previously thought. There are different definitions of abnormality and they include: Deviation from social norms: Within every culture, there are different standards for what is seen as acceptable behaviour or socially acceptable norms. Norms are the expected ways to behave in a particular society according to the majority and for those who do not behave in such a way like everyone else is seen to break these norms. There are defined as abnormal. Social norms differ from culture to culture and what is seen as normal in one culture may be considered completely abnormal to another culture. This is an example of cultural relativism. For example in Southern Europe it is common to stand much closer to strangers, than in the UK. However, there are limitations with this definition and one is that norms can vary over-time. This means that behaviour that was seen as abnormal in one era is no longer defined as abnormal in another. An example of this is drink driving was once seen as acceptable but now it is seen as socially unacceptable. In contrast homosexuality is opposite to this. Up until 1980 homosex uality was considered a psychological disorder by the World Health Organisation (WHO), but today is considered acceptable. Failure to function adequately: Failure to function adequately (FFA) refers to the type of abnormality that prevents the individual from carrying out the different behaviours that society would expect from them. Examples of this include holding down a job, conducting successful relationships, and getting out of bed each day etc. If the person cannot cope with these demands of everyday life they are considered abnormal. Rosenhan and Seligman suggest there are seven characteristics that help define FFA and they are: unpredictably and loss of control, suffering, violates moral/social standards, irrationality, maladaptiveness (danger to self), causes of observer discomfort, and vividness and unconventionality (stands out). The strength of this definition is that is provides a practical checklist for the person to use to check their level of abnormality. However, the limitation of it is that FFA may not be linked to abnormality but to other factors such as their economic situation. Also, there are many people who take p art in harmful behaviour or is seen as threatening to one self however we do not class them as abnormal. This includes drinking alcohol, adrenaline sports, smoking and skipping classes etc. Statistical infrequency: This definition of abnormality comes under an individuals thinking, trait or behaviour. If these of the person are rare or statistically unusual, they are classified as abnormal. However, it needs to be clear how rare a behaviour or trait can be before it is classed as abnormal. For example, one person may say that if an individual who has an IQ score below or above the average level of IQ in society, they are seen as abnormal. The strength of this definition is that the statistical approach helps to address what is actually meant by normal in a statistical context. It aids us to make cut off points in terms of diagnosis. The limitations of this definition are that it fails to recognise desirable and undesirable behaviour. For the example of the IQ level being above the normal average, it wouldnt necessarily be seen as abnormal, but would be regarded as highly desirable. Conversely, obesity is seen as statistically normal but is not associated with desirable or healthy. As this definition implies that the presence of abnormal behaviour in people should be rare of statistically unusual, this is not the case. Any specific abnormal behaviour may well be unusual, but it is not unusual for people to exhibit some form of prolonged abnormal behaviour at some stage in their lives. Deviation from ideal mental health: Jahoda (1958) put forward six criteria necessary for ideal mental health and any absences of these characteristics indicted that the individual was abnormal, basically displaying deviation from the ideal mental health. The six criteria by which mental health could be measured are: Autonomy and independence Positive view of the self Accurate perception of reality Environmental mastery Positive friendships and relationships Capability for growth and development According to this given approach, the more of these six criteria are met, the healthier the individual will be. However, the limitations of this definition and theory are that it is very difficult for someone to meet the whole criteria and achieve all of the ideal characteristics all the time. For example, a person might not be able to have an environment mastery but are happy with their situation. There are very few people who can and this suggests that there are very few people who are psychologically healthy. The absence of this one criteria of ideal mental health does not indicate they are suffering from a mental disorder.

The Advantages of a Small Company

Small businesses, or â€Å"mom and pop† organization are the backbone of this country. From the days when European settlers first founded our nation, entrepreneurs recognized an opportunity and strove to fill the needs of their clientele, even if it was only in exchange for a commodity like food. Today, in an economy filled with big box retailers like Wal-Mart, communications giants like AT&T and food and beverage conglomerates like Nestle, what is often missing is the human touch. Back when our parents were growing up, buying groceries meant a trip to the local market where the butcher cut your meat while you waited and a visit to the pharmacy often included a soda fountain treat served up by the teenager who lived down the street. Shopping was never a quick errand but also served as social time for chit chat between neighbors and friends. Bigger is not always better. The presence of huge corporations is slowly forcing the small business owner to either get out or find new ways to compete for business. Certainly you cannot call AT&T’s customer service line and find a relative on the other end of the line who will ensure you receive the utmost in care and maybe even include a recipe for that casserole you admired at last weekend’s Sunday social. Chances are that when you purchase a bag of dog food made by Ralston-Purina, a division of Nestle Foods, there will be no representative of the company asking after your satisfaction and your ill grandmother’s health. Modern-day society could only benefit from a return to the standards of small business practices such as used to be common. After all, wouldn’t a personal touch go a long way towards developing necessary relationships within our communities? References Fredman, Catherine, (June, 2007). Executive Secrets: Small Business, Big Impact. Retrieved August 13, 2007 from United Hemispheres: http://www.hemispheresmagazine.com/jun07/executivesecrets.html   

Government by the People Essay

The population growth has caused concern for many Americans because of the terms of numbers and poverty that comes with this growth. There is a pattern showing of wealth transferring from poorer nations to the richer nations of the globe and the information technology revolution is speeding this cycle up. With population growth reaching new heights new concerns for increasing urban growth has emerged. Planning for transportation, environment protection, or management of water and other resources are needed. Unregulated markets forces will hurt individuals and â€Å"politics as usual† will not mandate viable growth patterns or protect the air, water and natural beauty of our country. Planning and growth depends on public support and market forces. In order for plans to be effective they must show he same interests and values of major groups within the community. Even with the fear of the government, something that is generally accepted hampers a lot of effective planning. But it is clear that for any planning to work there must a consensus between â€Å"planners, community leaders, and the popularly elected officials who must bear the responsibility for implementing the plans† (Magleby, O’Brien, Light, Peltason & Cronin, 2006, p. 649). This planning for our country, communities and societies along with its citizens has given the United States the status of world power. But controversy has erupted from the resent war with Iraq that questions our authority. I’ve heard many individual claims that America is expanding its empire, rather than fighting for freedom. Our rise to a world power has come because of our industry, colleges and universities, multiple government institutions, military strengths. This along with our innovations in science, technology and medicine catapulted us into our status. Development of such things as television and jet airliners gave America the edge it needed to jump to the top of the ladder. They have also helped to spread our ideologies of democracy and westernization. It has created globalization and keeps it going. Our commerce and business growth has only helped with this globalization. Companies, such as IBM and General Motors have given the national government firm grounds in business. Our national government promotes â€Å"a prosperous economy through its monetary and fiscal policies† (Magleby, O’Brien, Light, Peltason, & Cronin, 2006, p. 437). The Department of Commerce has been at the center of the government’s efforts to promote economic growth and encourage businesses to do research and new development. These companies are at the heart of this economic growth plan. But more recently new development has been needed to keep these companies afloat as technology and innovation continues to climb new heights. Turning outdated companies into the companies of the future. The introduction of the electronic superhighway mandates companies to use e-commerce and if they can’t they might get left behind. The internet has given us a faster way for just about everything. It has even influenced society, culture and lifestyles. The Progressive Era began in United States during the mid 1890’s and continued through World War I. It was a time when individuals were beginning to have concerns with the state of society. It also brought about a belief in human compassion and how new innovations along with scientific investigation could somehow show what the problem was with ways of solving the problems. This reformation shows even in today’s time. Our social construct has great bearing on our national government. Take for example the debate on same-sex marriages. Our government has made laws that pertain to this issue, but some in society believe government has gone too far. But the core issue at stake, that I believe, has something to do with insurance. I don’t believe that our national government is trying to establish social norms, but rather maintain certain expectations of commerce and business. Reference: Magleby, D. B. , O’Brien, D. , Light, P. , Peltason, J. W. , & Cronin, T. E. (2006). Government by the People: National, State, and Local 21st. Ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Healthcare Benchmarking and Quality Improvement Essays

Healthcare Benchmarking and Quality Improvement Essays Healthcare Benchmarking and Quality Improvement Paper Healthcare Benchmarking and Quality Improvement Paper Benchmarks are relevant to all health and social care settings. Therefore, the benchmarks are presented in a generic format in order that they can be used in, for example, primary, secondary and tertiary settings and with all patient and or career groups, such as in pediatric care, mental health, cancer care, surgery and medicine. It is important that those benchmarking (including patients and careers) agree on the indicators that demonstrate best practice within their area of care (UK-Department of Health). Benchmarking can be utilized in the following ways: Staff Performance: Benchmarking is often used as a method to determine performance   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  standards for office functions. Examples may be as basic as the number of calls answered, appointments made and medical records pulled. This process provides a true measure of staff productivity capabilities. Physician Performance: This benchmarking process only works if the physician being reviewed is truly interested in becoming more efficient. The basic premise is to examine what aspects of the physicians daily schedule is productive, (Time actually spent with patients) and non-productive, (time spent not rendering services to patients). The objective is to reduce non-productive time and leverage the physician’s impact. 3. Statistical Performance: This benchmarking process evaluates the practice’s statistical performance to best practice standards. Statistical comparisons include some of the following: charges, adjustments, revenues, expenses, gross/net collection percentages, and account receivable days. Performance measurement might seem strange to some organizations, but the concept of measuring and monitoring performance is not new to healthcare facilities. Requirements for public overview of healthcare facilities demand that performance data be collected, analyzed, and monitored for reimbursement, Federal and state record keeping, and accreditation purposes. As a result, most healthcare facilities already track key productivity indicators. And as state and Federal regulations require the reporting of more data, healthcare facilities will be in an even better position to assess their performance and share comparative information about performance and operations with other facilities for mutual benefit. Indeed, the greatest value to be gained from all of the performance data that healthcare facilities are gathering may well emerg from the process of comparing that data. Healthcare facilities often are quite similar in the complexity of their organizational structures, operational and clinical services, and corporate missions. That similarity will benefit healthcare facilities as they begin benchmarking efforts.     Business survival is increasingly difficult in the contemporary world. In order to survive, organizations need a commitment to excellence and a means of measuring that commitment and its results. Benchmarking provides one method for doing this. As the author describes, benchmarking is a performance improvement method that has been used for centuries. Recently, it has begun to be used in the healthcare industry where it has the potential to improve significantly the efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and quality of healthcare services.   In the contemporary world, business survival is defined as long-term economic viability achieved through excellent performance. To maintain the excellence needed for survival, however, businesss enterprises must find a way of consistently measuring and improving their performance.   Productive ideas and methods are not limited to a single industry. Cross-industry benchmarking also can offer excellent opportunities for borrowin good ideas and processes. But finding suitable partners with applicable ideas from other industries can be time consuming and costly. For example, calling a fire department to discuss the process of bringing both equipment and manpower to an emergency site can generate a number of exciting ideas, but finding the best performing fire department would take long hours of research. Because benchmarking is an ongoing effort, working first within the healthcare industry for short- and medium-term solutions will help position a facility for later cross-industry initiatives (Anderson-Miles, 1994).

Cardiovascular Diseases Medicine Essay Sample

Cardiovascular Diseases Medicine Essay Sample Cardiovascular Diseases: Causes and Prevention Essay Example Cardiovascular Diseases: Causes and Prevention Essay Example Cardiovascular diseases are a topic that is widely popular and constantly discussed among physicians. Cardiovascular diseases, colloquially abbreviated as CVDs, refer to those illnesses associated to both the heart and blood vessels (Bauer, 2011). As far as medical research is concerned, there are myriad of cardiovascular diseases, each with associated symptoms and causes. Common CVDs include hypertensive heart disease, stroke, ischemic heart disease, peripheral artery disease and rheumatic heart disease. There are associated cardiovascular illnesses that are not significantly dominant; these include atrial fibrillation, aortic aneurysms and cardiomyopathy. This paper examines cardiovascular diseases and their causes. The paper will broadly be divided into three sections: cardiovascular diseases, main causes and prevention techniques. The essay will subscribe to both scholarly articles and scientific literatures to offer a comprehensive coverage of the topic. Stroke, also called cardiovascular arrest, is the leading cardiovascular disease (Labarthe, 2011). Stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is immediately interrupted. Strokes often appear in two ways. The first type involves the cases when blood vessels transporting blood to the brain might break leading to immense bleeding inside the brain. This type of cardiovascular arrest is called hemorrhagic and is mostly common in old people and those experiencing heart diseases and conditions. The second type of stroke is the ischemic stroke. This happens when a clot forms inside the blood vessel transporting blood to the brain abruptly stopping the supply of blood. The second type of stroke is the most common and usually proceeds due to a number of reasons including old age, shock and associated cardiovascular illnesses and conditions (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Often, stroke as a type of cardiovascular disease occurs as a result of blood blockage inside the brai n leading to death of important brain cells. When cells do not receive blood, they are not oxygenated, which means that they can easily die due to shortage of oxygen. More specifically, stroke occurs due to the failure of blood to reach the brain, which results into death of cells. The American Heart Association observes that strokes kill close to 130,000 people in the United States per year. This figure translates to one in every 20 deaths (American Heart Association, 2015). On average, the AHA states that in every four minutes, one American dies of stroke. Another statistic quotes that annually, more than 785,000 Americans are diagnosed with some form of stroke. Of all these victims, approximately 61,000 are first to the disease or completely new to some form of heart illness (Watson Preedy, 2012). Overall, medical sources and health research institutes are in unanimous agreement that stroke is the fifth leading cause of demise for the American population (American Heart Associat ion, 1997). Stroke Variance with Age Scientists who have conducted research in cardiovascular illnesses argue that stroke is the greatest and most dreaded form of the disease. The number of people who continue to die from strokes is overwhelming meaning that this condition is a national health disaster. Now, it has become a common phenomenon and principle that the chance to have a stroke increases with age. More specifically, older people are amenable to a higher risk than their young counterparts. A study conducted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention observes that in 2009, 34% of patients diagnosed with stroke were 65 years and above (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). This means that three-quarters of stroke victims were more than 65 years in age. In such a way, it is clear that stroke is a condition that needs to be evaluated from the age-criterion. Geographic Distribution of Stroke Geographically, the southeastern part of the United States hosts the largest number of stroke victims. The prevalence of stroke across the United States is mostly attributed to the southeastern part (Smith, 2009). The states where the cases of strokes are multiple include Georgia, Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Maryland, Louisiana, Alabama, Kentucky, Tennessee and the District of Columbia. Statistically, these states represent the highest number of stroke victims meaning that a close analysis and evaluation of the population should be done. Geographic distribution of strokes has been researched to identify if environmental and social problems are potent factors influencing cardiac arrest or strokes. In addition, recording the number of victims in each state and determining the leading states with victims is an important step in the fight against this cardiovascular disease. Causes Stroke is a cardiovascular disease meaning that it affects the heart and blood vessels. However, stroke is not anonymous, and similar to many other health conditions, it comes as a result of certain causes. High blood pressure is directly linked to stroke, which makes it the leading cause. When the rate of blood flow is high, the plasma is likely to build a clot. Dr. Kenneth Bauer, the managing director of Harvard Medical School argues that enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) influences blood clot; thus, taking aspirin may help inactivate this enzyme (Bauer, 2011). Stroke victims are prescribed aspirin-related drugs and substances to inactive the enzyme and minimize the formation of blood clot inside blood vessels. Aspirin drugs inactivate the enzyme making platelets less sticky and overall reducing their likelihood to clot. However, high blood pressure may activate the enzyme leading to stroke. Therefore, high blood pressure is likely to induce stroke. People, especially those who are ident ified to be amenable to strokes, should be cautious on conditions that may increase blood pressure (Spence, 2006). The second fold of causes for stroke is cholesterol. Cholesterol is a waxy and thick substance made in the liver and found in most consumed foods (Spence, 2006). Often, high amounts of cholesterol are perilous as they build around arties leading to slowed rate of blood flow. In such a way, cholesterol deposit in the artery narrows vessels, which leads to failure of blood flow towards the brain. In addition, cholesterol buildup slows down blood supply, which may become a precondition to a stroke and associated conditions of cardiovascular illnesses. The third fold of causes for cardiovascular diseases is connected with lifestyle. Most people are exposed to consuming take away foods and associated meals, which increases the risk of having a heart disease. Basically, red meat and junks pose the risk of heart diseases. More specifically, they cause such heart conditions as valve failures and irregular heartbeats. The cumulative force of these conditions leads to the overall comprise of blood flow into the heart. As seen above, stroke comes as a result of failure of blood to reach the heart and vessels’ complete destruction, which leads to blood deposit inside the heart. Therefore, it is clear that lifestyle and courtesy of consumed foods can result to increased chances of heart conditions leading to stroke. Physicians have pursued research that links diabetes to stroke. For example, Albini et al. in the study of cardiotoxicity argue that diabetes mellitus attracts conditions related to stroke (Albini, Pennesi, Donatelli, Cammarota, De Flora, Noonan, 2009). Indeed, diabetes leads to a stark shortage of insulin, an enzyme that is responsible for the transportation of sugar and glucose inside brain cells. Lack of transportation of sugar leads to a build-up of glucose inside the vessels. This thickens the blood making it very hard for a streamlined flow. Other causes associated with stroke include the sickle cell disease, salt, lack of physical activities and transient attacks. These causes are less sensitive than the ones mentioned above although some of them pose equally greater challenges for stroke. The International Journal for Nursing Studies observes that cardiac disorders are potent entry points for stroke. The journal advises that slight illnesses and diseases that have dominant connection with stroke should be taken seriously by physicians and medical experts. This should be done to minimize the greater risk of stroke, both hemorrhagic and ischemic arrests (IJNS, 2014). The next part of the essay examines signs and symptoms of stroke. This part of the paper will subscribe to medical journals and related publications to give a comprehensive coverage of symptoms that a typical for stroke victims. Signs and Symptoms of Stroke A sudden numbness on the face, hand and arm is the first characteristic of an upcoming stroke. Patients recently diagnosed of ischemic stroke report sudden dysfunction of these organs. The Center of Disease Control is in agreement with the Clinical Digest that stroke is likely to induce failure in movement of these body organs leading to a reduced flow of blood. Confused and slowed speech is another symptom. Patients attacked by stroke are reported to experience difficulties in understanding, communication and a stark inability for speech. There are reported cases of sight failure. Stroke patients experience trouble seeing and perceiving sight with both eyes. In a number of cases, one eye is open although the other fails to function. This failure is mostly attributable to the section of the brain that is subject to low blood supply. The inability to see ensues from the fact cells on this particular side of the eye are dead. Loss of balance and lack of proper coordination is another symptom of stroke. Patients stagger, tremble physically and fail to identify direction. This failure mostly comes as a result of the cerebrum damage. Lack of blood supply to the brain incapacitates the cerebrum, which is part of human’s brain responsible for movement, locomotion and balance. The International Journal of Nursing observes that stroke induces severe headache. Stroke victims experience continuous aches on the left side of the head. This is the section mostly hit by lack of sufficient blood supply (Esselstyn, 2007). Other sources argue that there are both acute and sub-acute cardiotoxicity on the brain, which leads to severe incidences of headache. The force of headache as a result of stroke is what leads to associated symptoms: confusion, dizziness and to some extent lack of speech. Prevention and Risk Minimization Similar to most cardiovascular diseases, stroke can be minimized and potentially prevented. However, due to genetic reasons, it is hard to prevent it at a later stage, especially for individuals whose families have encountered this CVD. The first fold of efforts to prevent stroke is to identify risk factors. These include previous heart diseases, high levels of cholesterol in food, lifestyle, conditions and signs of high blood pressure, diabetes and sickle cell illness. Identification of the above risk factors enables the physician notice the possibility of a stroke. Therefore, it is easy to prepare for a stroke through prescription of appropriate medication including aspirin (Bauer, 2011). Another risk minimization technique is exercises. Physical activities burn excessive fats and oils. This makes it hard for cholesterol to deposit inside the walls of blood vessels. Physical activities and exercises also increase the rate of heart beat allowing cardiac muscles to range with the unprecedented pace. More specifically, when the heart continuously pumps due to exercise, there is a significant increase in the strength of valves and tendons. These components of the heart become strong and do not fail due to an unexpected shock. In a publication to counter the risk of cardiovascular arrest or stroke, the Harvard School of Medicine observes that lowering blood pressure by eating low quantities of salt is important. The source also supports loss of weight and consumption of adequate water as imperative towards preventing stroke (Bauer, 2011). Water burns cholesterol, fats and oils inside the human body minimizing deposits in cardio-vascular walls. Also, behavior has an impact in the formation of stroke-related conditions. Smokers are twice more likely to experience cardiac arrests than other people. Smoking also accelerates the formation of clot in myriad ways. It heightens the build-up of plaque and thickens the blood. Dr. Smith of the Harvard School of Medicine notes that smoking cessation is among the leading lifestyles that will help smokers reduce the risk of stroke (Smith, 2009). The final effort to prevent and minimize the risk of arrest involves medication. The Journal Cardiotoxicity of Anticancer Drugs argues that it is more likely for a patient to suffer from both cancer and stroke. These diseases are related, and, therefore, there is a growing need to put special emphasis on antitoxic medications that are likely to counter initial effects. Doctor Bauer attaches critical significance to aspirin prescriptions in efforts to minimize the effects and attack of stroke. More specifically, aspirin inactivates enzyme cyclooxygenase, which hinders the formation of blood clot. Therefore, aspiring should be prescribed on a continuous for patients with potent signs of cardiac arrest. However, in cases of surgeries or when patients are likely to undergo a surgical operation and exercise, aspirin intake should be monitored or completely eliminated. Failure to do this might lead to a rebound effect, which is a phenomenon that increases the chances of having stroke twice . Thus, as much as prescriptions should be leveraged to counter adverse risks and conditions, they should be monitored on individuals depending on previous medical records. The above efforts represent the overall collective fight with stroke and the majority of cardiovascular illnesses. Observing the above measures will not only save a patient from stroke. It will equally assist them to prevent an array of CVDs: hypersensitivity, peripheral artery disease, rheumatic heart disease, atrial fibrillation and aortic aneurysms. Fight against Cardiovascular Illnesses – The American Heart Association The efforts of the American Heart Association (AHA) in making heart disease an important topic for Americans cannot be overlooked. The association drives critical cardiovascular models, systems and changes all over the United States. This is done to achieve the best practice in healthcare. By visiting the association’s website, one will be impressed by the number of initiatives, campaigns, researches and studies going on in the creation of lifestyle and health awareness on CVDs. The American Heart Association represents the collective efforts towards fighting cardiovascular illnesses. Obviously, it is high time to unite and implement the efforts that have been channeled in making healthcare a priority. The American Heart Association is not a building, as well as it is not a structure. Neither is it an erection or a fabrication. The association is a body of concerned Americans willing to champion the well-being of the nation. The large body of professionals, volunteers and supp orters incorporated inside the AHA is what moves the nation closer to the American dream. This represents the collective fight towards cardiovascular illnesses, in particular, stroke and associated heart diseases. The essay has described the phenomenon of cardiovascular illnesses. The paper has dissected into three primary sections: causes of cardiovascular illnesses (the most dominant which is stroke), signs and symptoms of stroke and associated heart diseases, and prevention and risk minimization techniques. The essay examines myriad academic sources and medicine journals to offer an expansive and critical view to the topic. Of special concern for the paper was to examine the current and future fight towards cardiovascular diseases. Here, the paper has identified the American Heart Association as the greatest body of advocacy and awareness against cardiovascular illnesses. The above analysis surmises the paper adding knowledge and creating insight into the threat of cardiovascular illnesses.

William Blake's The Chimney Sweeper intends to change the mind and Essay

William Blake's The Chimney Sweeper intends to change the mind and hearts of its readers. Explain how this might be supposed to work upon the consciousness and conscience of Blake's contemporaries - Essay Example Blake’s major poems are represented in two collections: Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. First collection of poems has many similar images of children, besides it presents many religious and social themes. The name of the collection implies that the themes and issues are present from the perspective of a child. The world is shown in the light which is different to the one an adult sees it. In his two collections of poems Blake presents the same themes, but in different lights and from different angles using words ‘innocence’ and ‘experience’ for collections’ titles. On the one hand, the contrast of the issues presented in the two great collections is strikingly vivid. However, on the other hand, the two opposing visions of life are equally important and necessary for better understanding of the wholesome picture of reality. State of innocence is a child’s vision of things and understanding of the world, while state of experience is a mature person’s perception of reality. One cannot be without the other. Two components, child’s innocence and adult’s experience, put together can create a wholesome picture of the reality and the world we live in. The poet makes his best to present all the truth of life through contrasting images of his two complementary collections of poems (Gallant 124). Blake’s intent ion is to change reader’s mind for the better by identifying evils and corruptions present in English society. He makes his contemporaries think of the reality they live in and perceive it objectively and adequately. Songs of Innocence is the representation of childhood and naivetà © it entails. Blake’s poem The Chimney Sweeper is one of the poems published in Songs of Innocence (1789). The poem contains all the hopes, fears, and naivetà © altogether a child might experience, especially during the time when child labor was such

Ethical Dilemmas faced by property professionals Essay

Ethical Dilemmas faced by property professionals - Essay Example The large retail development scenario given raises several issues in relation to the concept of acting professionally within the building and surveying profession. These ethical dilemmas issues include: First, in relation to the RICS ethical principle of integrity, there is the ethical question of the demolition of a group of historic buildings, which are used as small retail units by local independent shops, to replace them with a large retail development. The actual ethical dilemma arising under this situations, is the conflict between modernizing the economy of the large city through the construction of modern retail building that might attract large business, thus growing the economy of the city and creating employment for the locals on the one hand, and the morality of displacing the local independent shop owners by the large retail business on the other hand. According to the Theory of Ethics, basic rules can be applied to determine the right or wrong of an action (Dabson, Plim mer, Kenney & Waters, 2007:6). In this respect, the ethical theory is therefore highly concerned with the procedures, and thus the theory holds that the fairness or otherwise of an outcome, is judged entirely by the fairness or lack of fairness in the process (Dabson, Plimmer, Kenney & Waters, 2007:6). In this respect, the RICS Professional and Ethical Standard of integrity is evoked by the scenario, where the integrity question refers to the truthfulness and the honesty of any action that is taken (RICS, 2013:n.p.).

Determine the distribution of shear force, bending moment and stress Essay

Determine the distribution of shear force, bending moment and stress due to bending in simply supported beams - Essay Example to Identify the measurements to be taken, they should be variables and they both should be able to be measured at the same time (the measurements should be as specific as possible to reduce variation and increase the chance of higher correlation). The third part is to make 50 to 100 pairs of the measurement, ensure that the measurements are as steady as possible so as they do not interfere with the final figures. The next step will be to plot the measured pairs on a scatter Diagram, plot them to give maximum visual spread points; this may involve using different scales and making the axes cross at non-zero value. The last step is that the diagram will be seen and it should be interpreted and action taken accordingly Sketch graphs of shear force and bending moment distribution and validation of calculations by alternative checking methods, plus analysis of safety factor for a chosen material, incorporating referenced additional data, are required for M/D criteria. The strength of a correlation is determined in various statistical angles. It is in this aspect that this Correlation, which is represented by the value that fall between, values of -1.00 to +1.00. If the value is 1 positive or negative it means it is a perfect correlation, this rarely occurs as it means that when the variables both change with the same magnitude, while a correlation of 0 means that there is no relationship between the two variables. A correlation of .8, .9 or even .7 is a strong correlation and it means that there is a great relationship between the scores of one variables and the other, while a correlation of .2 or .3 is a weak correlation meaning that there are some relationships between two variables a but it is a weak one. Q1: Select a standard rolled steel I-section for the simply supported beam shown in figure below. Select an appropriate factor of safety and material strength. Include references for all source information employed. The self-weight of the beam itself may be

To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Example for Free

To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Good morning/afternoon Executives of the Board of Studies. In the topic of powerful to powerless, To Kill A Mockingbird is a classic novel that is relevant and appropriate. It possesses many admirable qualities that prove its worth to be on the new curriculum. The novel explores many ideas regarding the use and abuse of power, different forms of power, the consequences of power, and how the composer has used language to portray power. To Kill A Mockingbird explores a number of different types of power throughout. There are four types of power: personal, instrumental, projected and official power. One clear example of power is that of Atticus Finchs regarding his children. As their father, Atticus has official power over Scout and Jem. He also has instrumental power as he provides a home, as well as other basic necessities for his children. Another example of power, although it is negative, is the projected power that Bob Ewell possesses over Tom Robinson. Tom Robinson highlights his fear of Bob as he testifies Mr. Finch, if you was a nigger like me, youd be scared too. Bob Ewells power demonstrates that power can be taken and abused by others. Despite whether if you have an abundance of power of you are miserably lacking so, there will always be certain consequences that follow. Bob Ewell, as an example, believed that he was better than the African Americans despite the fact that he was considered the lowest class in white society. Bob Ewell abused his power, although it was still lacking. Ewell, was too prideful, that after being humiliated in court and stripped of dignity by Atticus, he decided to attack Atticus children. Furthermore, Arthur Boo Radley can depict a lack of power. Boo Radley had lived most of his life trapped inside his home by his oppressive family members. He was feared because of the negative connotations that surrounded him. The stories that were told of him portrayed his character as a monster, or something to fear. Furthermore, another figure in the novel that lacked power was Tom Robinson. In society, African Americans were looked down upon by the white society. Tom Robinson was racially discriminated against by Bob Ewell, who framed him for a crime he did not commit. As white people were the superior race, they had power over the African Americans. As Tom Robinson lacked power, he also lacked the ability to act against the threats of Bob Ewell because of his fear. Even though Tom Robinson was a man of great stature, and seemed adequate to engage in a physical brawl despite his injury, he was still afraid. Harper Lee employs a range of language techniques in order to convey ideas about power. Lee has described Arthur Boo Radley as having cheeks that were thin to hollowness, gray eyes that were colourless and hair that was dead and thin. It has been acknowledged that Boo is considered one of the novels most powerless figures. His name is an aptronym, it portrays his character and highlights his mysterious nature. It is also an example of onomatopoeia, hinting at negative connotations. Additionally, there are other aspects that can also assist the portrayal of his character. The author describes the Radley house as droopy and sick, this parallels to the descriptions made of Boo. Harper Lees many descriptions of Boo Radley creates a vivid picture in the readers mind, the reader is immediately drawn to the connotations that surround Boo. It is because of ideas explored previously that prove To Kill A Mockingbird to be a worthy contender on the new school curriculum. It explored the concept behind power and powerless and therefore is relevant.

Heart Of Darkness :: essays research papers

1. Does Conrad really "otherize," or impose racist ideology upon, the Africans in Heart of Darkness, or does Achebe merely see Conrad from the point of view of an African? Is it merely a matter of view point, or does there exist greater underlying meaning in the definition of racism? 2. How does Achebe's personal history and the context in which he wrote "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness" reflect the manner in which he views Conrad's idea of racism in the novel? 3. Taking into account Achebe's assumptions and analysis of racism in Heart of Darkness, how does this change Conrad's novel as a literary work, if it does at all? The literal heart of darkness in Conrad's novel Heart of Darkness does not merely incorporate the Belgian Congo, the African savages, the journey to the innermost soul, and England as the corruptor in its attempted colonization of the African people for selfish and commercial purposes. In "An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad's Heart of Darkness ," Achebe accuses Conrad of racism as the essential "heart of darkness." Heart of Darkness projects the image of Africa as 'the other world,' the antithesis of Europe and therefore of civilization, a place where man's vaunted intelligence and refinement are finally mocked by triumphant bestiality...it is not the differentness that worries Conrad but the lurking hint of kinship, of common ancestry. For the Thames too 'has been one of the dark places of the earth.' It conquered its darkness, of course, and is now in daylight and at peace. But if it were to visit its primordial relative, the Congo, it would run the terrible risk of hearing grotesque echoes of its own forgotten darkness, and falling victim to an avenging recrudescence of the mindless frenzy of the first beginnings. (4) One might contend that this attitude toward the African in Heart of Darkness does not belong to Conrad, but rather to Marlow, and that far from endorsing it "Conrad might indeed be holding it up to irony and criticism." (9) According to Achebe "Conrad appears to go to considerable pains to set up layers of insulation between himself and the moral universe of his story." (9) For example, Conrad has a narrator behind a narrator -- he gives us Marlow's account through the filter of a second person. Achebe thus elucidates how "Conrad seems.

Accounts Receivable and Correct Marks

Which of the following events involves an accrual? Choose one answer. | a. Recording interest that has been earned but not received | | | b. Recording supplies that have been purchased with cash but not yet used. | | | c. Recording revenue that has been earned but not yet collected in cash. | | | d. A. and C. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 2 Marks: 5 Which resource provider typically receives first priority when resources are divided as part of a business's liquidation? Choose one answer. | a. stockholders | | | b. owners | | | c. the company's managers | | | d. creditors | |Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 3 Marks: 5 Which of the following transactions involves a deferral? Choose one answer. | a. Recording salaries of employees earned but not yet paid. | | | b. Recording the interest earned (but not received) on a CD. | | | c. Recording interest accrued on a note payable. | | | d. Recording the prepayment of three months rent. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 4 Marks: 5 Which of the following groups has the primary responsibility for establishing generally accepted accounting principles for business entities in the United States?Choose one answer. | a. Internal Revenue Service | | | b. U. S. Congress | | | c. Governmental Accounting Standards Board | | | d. Financial Accounting Standards Board | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 5 Marks: 5 The left side of a T-account is known as the: Choose one answer. | a. Debit Side | | | b. Credit side | | | c. Claims side | | | d. Equity side | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. 1 Marks: 5 Product costs are matched against sales revenue Choose one answer. | a. in the period immediately following the sale. | | | b. when the merchandise is purchased. | | c. when the sale is made. | | | d. in the period immediately following the purchase. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 2 Marks: 5 The left side of a T-account is known as th e: Choose one answer. | a. Claims side | | | b. Equity side | | | c. Credit side | | | d. Debit Side | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 3 Marks: 5 When prices are rising, which method of inventory, if any, will result in the lowest relative net cash outflow (including the effects of taxes, if any)? Choose one answer. | a. weighted average. | | | b. FIFO | | | c. LIFO | | | d.None of these; inventory methods cannot affect cash flows. | | Incorrect Marks for this submission: 0/5. Question 4 Marks: 5 Which of the following is considered a period cost? Choose one answer. | a. Transportation cost on goods received from suppliers. | | | b. Cost of merchandise purchased. | | | c. Packaging costs for merchandise to be sold. | | | d. Advertising expense for the current month. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 5 Marks: 5 Which of the following is considered a product cost? Choose one answer. | a. Salaries paid to employees of a retailer. | | | b.Utility ex pense for the current month. | | | c. Transportation cost on goods received from suppliers. | | | d. Transportation cost on goods shipped to customers. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. 1 Marks: 5 Receivables are normally reported on the balance sheet at net realizable value. In contrast, payables are carried at face value. Which accounting principle requires this treatment of payables? Choose one answer. | a. Matching concept. | | | b. Monetary unit assumption. | | | c. Going concern assumption. | | | d. Materiality concept. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5.Question 2 Marks: 5 The amount of accounts receivable that is actually expected to be collected is known as: Choose one answer. | a. Bad debts expense. | | | b. Net realizable value. | | | c. Allowance for doubtful accounts. | | | d. The present value of accounts receivable. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 3 Marks: 5 The practice of reporting the net realizable value of receivables in the financial statements is commonly called: Choose one answer. | a. the cash flow method of accounting for bad debts. | | | b. the direct write-off method of accounting for bad debts. | | | c. he allowance method of accounting for bad debts. | | | d. Both a and b are correct. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 4 Marks: 5 What does the accounts receivable turnover ratio measure? Choose one answer. | a. How quickly the accounts receivable balance increases. | | | b. How quickly inventory turns into accounts receivable. | | | c. How quickly accounts receivable turn into cash. | | | d. Average balance of accounts receivables. | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 5 Marks: 5 Which of the following businesses would most likely have the longest operating cycle? Choose one answer. a. A national pharmacy chain. | | | b. A discount store. | | | c. A producer of wine. | | | d. A chain of pizza restaurants. | | Incorrect Marks for this submission: 0/5. 1 Marks: 5 What is the name used for the type of secured bond that requires a pledge of a designated piece of property in case of default? Choose one answer. | a. Debenture Bond | | | b. Indenture Bond | | | c. Mortgage Bond | | | d. Registered Bond | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 2 Marks: 5 Which of the following would be classified as a long-term operational asset? Choose one answer. | a. Accounts Receivable | | | b.Treasury Stock | | | c. Inventory | | | d. Goodwill | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 3 Marks: 5 Jocelyn Corporation recorded the following in its general journal on 1/1/06: Cash  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  98,000 Discount on Bonds Payable  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     2,000 Bonds Payable  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚   100,000 Which of the following answers correctly describes the transaction on 1/1/06? Choose one answer. | a. Jocelyn issued bonds at 98. | | | b. Jocelyn issued bonds at 102. | | | c. Jocelyn issued bonds at a $2,000 premium. | | | d. Jocelyn signed a note payable for $98,000. | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 4 Marks: 5 Which of the following terms is used to identify the process of expense recognition for property, plant and equipment? Choose one answer. | a. Amortization | | | b. Depletion | | | c. Depreciation | | | d. Revision | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5. Question 5 Marks: 5 Which method of depreciation is used by most U. S. companies for financial reporting purposes? Choose one answer. | a. Straight Line | | | b. MACRS | | | c. Double Declining Balance | | | d. Units of Production | | Correct Marks for this submission: 5/5.

Howard Schultz and the Starbucks Company

Maln Problem Statement After analyzing all aspects and factors, the main problem statement found for this case study is as follows: â€Å"The rapid and over expansion plan of Starbucks store- owned outlets to capture the maximum market share has lead to many problems† As stated above, Starbucks is facing the problem of fast and over expanding of its outlets as the company tries to gain as much market share and opportunities as possible.This, however has led to many problems such as cannibalization of usiness through clustering and low net Income margin despite achieving record sales and revenues. The problem is further complicated by other problems such as Insistence of the company to store-own outlets outside the North American region and increased number of employees at Starbucks. 3. 0 Focus Expansion Only on under-served Countries and Locations One of the alternative strategies that could help to solve the main problem Is to change the Starbucks policy on outlet openings.In this strategy, Starbucks should identify countries or locations where the company has the least presence and oothold; choosing to open outlets only at these locations while stop outlet openings in areas where the company already has established itselt. For example, Starbucks should look into the China and South Korea market as there are currently only 9 outlets and 1 outlet of Starbucks In those locations, respectively. 3. 2 Allow Another strategy is to allow the franchising of the Starbucks brand to locations outside the North American market.

Biography of Ronald E. McNair (Ph.D.) - NASA Astronaut

Biography of Ronald E. McNair (Ph.D.) - NASA Astronaut Each year, NASA and members of the space community remember the astronauts lost when the space shuttle  Challenger  exploded after launch  from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida on January 28, 1986.   Dr. Ronald E. McNair was a member of that crew. He was a decorated NASA astronaut, scientist, and talented musician. He perished along with the spacecraft commander, F.R. Dick Scobee, the pilot, Commander M.J. Smith (USN), mission specialists, Lieutenant Colonel E.S. Onizuka (USAF), and  Dr. Judith.A. Resnik, and two civilian payload specialists, Mr. G.B. Jarvis and Mrs. S. Christa McAuliffe, the teacher-in-space astronaut. The Life and Times of Dr. McNair Ronald E. McNair was born October 21, 1950, in Lake City, South Carolina. He loved sports, and as an adult, he became a 5th-degree black belt karate instructor. His musical tastes tended toward jazz, and he was an accomplished saxophonist. He also enjoyed running, boxing, football, playing cards, and cooking. As a child, McNair was known to be a voracious reader. This led to an often-told story that he went to the local library (which served only white citizens at the time) to check out books. The tale, as recalled by his brother Carl, ended with a young Ronald McNair being told he couldnt check any books out and the librarian called his mother to come get him. Ron told them hed wait. The police arrived, and the officer simply asked the librarian, Why dont you just give him the books?   She did.   Years later, the same library was named in Ronald McNairs memory in Lake City.   McNair graduated from Carver High School in 1967; received his BS in Physics from North Carolina AT State University in 1971 and earned a Ph.D. in physics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1976. He received an honorary doctorate of Laws from North Caroline AT State University in 1978, an honorary doctorate of Science from Morris College in 1980, and an honorary doctorate of science from the University of South Carolina in 1984. McNair: the Astronaut-Scientist While at MIT, Dr. McNair made some major contributions in physics. For example, he performed some of earliest development of chemical hydrogen-fluoride and high-pressure carbon monoxide lasers. His later experiments and theoretical analysis on the interaction of intense CO2 (carbon dioxide) laser radiation with molecular gases provided new understandings and applications for highly excited polyatomic molecules. In 1975, McNair spent time researching laser physics at   E’cole D’ete Theorique de Physique, Les Houches, France. He published several papers in areas of lasers and molecular spectroscopy and gave many presentations in U.S. and abroad. Following his graduation from MIT, Dr. McNair became a staff physicist with Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California. His assignments included the development of lasers for isotope separation and photochemistry utilizing non-linear interactions in low-temperature liquids and optical pumping techniques. He also conducted research on electro-optic laser modulation for satellite-to-satellite space communications, the construction of ultra-fast infrared detectors, ultraviolet atmospheric remote sensing. Ronald McNair: Astronaut McNair was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in January 1978. He completed the one-year training and evaluation period and qualified for assignment as a mission specialist astronaut on space shuttle flight crews. His first experience as a mission specialist was on STS 41-B, aboard Challenger. It was launched from Kennedy Space Center on February 3, 1984. He was part of a crew that included spacecraft commander, Mr. Vance Brand, the pilot, Cdr. Robert L. Gibson, and fellow mission specialists, Capt. Bruce McCandless II, and Lt. Col. Robert L. Stewart. The flight accomplished proper shuttle deployment of two Hughes 376 communications satellites, and the flight testing of rendezvous sensors and computer programs. It also marked the first flight of the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) and the first use of the Canadian arm (operated by McNair) to position EVA crewman around Challenger’s payload bay. Other projects for the flight were the deployment of the German SPAS-01 Satellite, a set of acoustic levitation and chemical separation experiments, Cinema 360 motion picture filming, five Getaway Specials (small experimental packages), and numerous mid-deck experiments. Dr. McNair had primary resp onsibility for all of the payload projects. His flight on that  Challenger mission  culminated in first landing on the runway at Kennedy Space Center on February 11, 1984. His last flight was also aboard Challenger, and he never made it to space.  In  addition to his duties as a mission specialist for the ill-fated mission, McNair had worked up a musical piece with French composer Jean-Michel Jarre. McNair intended to perform a saxophone solo with Jarre while on orbit. The recording would have appeared on the album Rendez-Vous with McNairs performance. Instead, it was recorded in his memory by saxophonist Pierre Gossez,  and is dedicated to McNairs memory. Honors and Recognition Dr. McNair was honored throughout his career, beginning in college. He graduated magna cum laude from North Carolina AT (‘71) and was named Presidential Scholar (‘67-’71). He was a Ford Foundation Fellow (‘71-’74) and a National Fellowship Fund Fellow (‘74-’75), NATO Fellow (‘75). He won the Omega Psi Phi Scholar of Year Award (‘75), Los Angeles Public School System’s Service Commendation (‘79), Distinguished Alumni Award (‘79), National Society of Black Professional Engineers Distinguished National Scientist Award (‘79), Friend of Freedom Award (‘81), Who’s Who Among Black Americans (‘80), an AAU Karate Gold Medal (‘76), and also worked up Regional Blackbelt Karate Championships. Ronald McNair has a number of schools and other buildings named for him, plus memorials, and other facilities. The music he was supposed to play onboard Challenger does appear on Jarres eight album, and is called Rons Piece.   Edited by Carolyn Collins Petersen.